Lesson Six: The Rulings of Fasting – Abu Idrees Muhammad Khān

All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of all creation—and may He extol the Messenger in the highest company of Angels, and grant him peace and security—likewise to his family, Companions, and true followers.

[07/03/2024] Lesson Six: The Rulings of Fasting – Abu Idrees Muhammad Khān حفظه الله. Lesson series at Masjid As-Sunnah An-Nabawiyyah, Aston, Birmingham, UK.

Some points discussed during this lesson:

• Ḥadīth #6: Abū Hurayrah (رضى الله عنه) narrated that the Messenger ﷺ said, “Whoever eats or drinks forgetfully while he is fasting, then let him complete his fast for indeed Allāh has fed him and has given him drink.”
• The topic of the ḥadīth: the ruling of the one who ate or drank forgetfully (whilst fasting).
• The general meaning of the ḥadīth.
• The great principle derived from the verse, “…Our Lord! Punish us not if we forget or fall into error…” [Sūrah al-Baqarah 2:286]
• Explanation of the wording of the ḥadīth.
• Five points of benefit of the ḥadīth.
• Discussion: does the Sharī’ah define the amount that can be eaten in this scenario?
• Ḥadīth #7: – Abū Hurayrah (رضى الله عنه) narrated, “Whilst we were sitting with the Prophet ﷺ, a man came upon him and said, ‘O Messenger of Allāh, I am destroyed!’ The Messenger ﷺsaid, ‘What has destroyed you?’ He said, ‘I came upon my wife whilst I was fasting [another narration mentions, Verily I have had relations with my wife in Ramaḍān i.e. the day of Ramaḍān].’ The Messenger ﷺ said to him, ‘Are you able to find a slave that you may free?’ He said, ‘No.’ The Messenger ﷺ then said, ‘Do you have the ability to fast two months consecutively?’ He said, ‘No.’ The Messenger ﷺ then said, ‘Are you able to feed sixty poor people?’ He said, ‘No.’ So the Messenger ﷺ remained there for a while, then a man came and gave him a container full of dates. The Messenger ﷺ said, ‘Where is the questioner?’ He said, ‘I am here.’ The Messenger ﷺ said, ‘Take this (container of dates) and give them in charity.’ He said, ‘O Messenger of Allāh, shall I give this in charity to someone poorer than me? By Allāh, I do not think that there is any family between the two mountains [in the outskirts of Madīnah] that is poorer than my family.’ Then the Prophet ﷺ laughed up until his canine teeth were visible and said, ‘Feed it to your family.’”
• The general meaning of the ḥadīth.
• Explanation of the wording of the ḥadīth.
• The difference between faqīr and miskīn.
• The quantity of dates that was given to the man.
• Twelve points of benefit of the ḥadīth.

Questions:

1. An individual is fasting two months as an expiation but something beyond his control occurs and he is unable to fast.
2. Is fasting in Ramaḍān obligatory upon a person who is so poor he cannot even have ifṭār?
3. Major sins being expiated?
4. What is the ruling on the one who vomits unintentionally?
5. Regarding the two that have fallen into this sin, does the wife also have to carry out the expiation?
6. Can a person include the fasting of Ramaḍān as part of the two months for his expiation?

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