All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of all creation—and may He extol the Messenger in the highest company of Angels, and grant him peace and security—likewise to his family, Companions, and true followers.
[Dec 2025] Foundational Traits of the Muslim Character – Shaykh Abu ‘Iyād Amjad Rafiq حفظه الله. Winter Conference 2025 Masjid Salafi, Small Heath, Birmingham, UK.
Part One: – The reason for the sending of the Messengers (عليهم الصلاة والسلام).
– “And verily, you (O Muḥammad ﷺ) are on an exalted (standard of) character.” [Sūrah al-Qalam 68:4]
– ‘Ā’ishah and Ṣafiyyah b. Ḥuyayy (رضى الله عنهما) on the character of the Messenger ﷺ.
– The difference between khuluq and adab.
– Building blocks of the character that lead to perfection and unite the hearts of the believers.
– 1. Humility – التواضع
– The linguistic and technical definition of at-Tawāḍu’.
– A pillar of evil character.
– The meaning of al-Kibr.
– Examples of the humility of the Messenger ﷺ.
– 2. Truthfulness – الصدق
– The linguistic and technical definition of aṣ-Ṣidq.
– Āyāt praising and commanding with truthfulness.
– The outcome of truthfulness vs lying.
– Ar-Rāghib al-Aṣfahānī (رحمه الله) on the meaning of ṣidq.
– How a munāfiq falls into lying even though what they are saying is true.
– The conspiring of the Quraysh against the Prophet ﷺ to discourage people from believing in him, even though they acknowledged his truthfulness.
– The affairs that lead them to disbelieve and conspire.
– The dialogue between the leader of the Romans and Abū Sufyān (before he embraced him Islām).
– Various areas in which truthfulness should be applied.
– The value of truthfulness with the people of knowledge.
– 3. Nobility/Generosity – الكرم
– The linguistic and technical definition of al-Karam.
– Examples from the Messenger ﷺ that illustrate karam in different scenarios.
– Further qualities that emanate from al-Karam.
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Part Two: – Recap of the previous lesson.
– 4. Trustworthiness – الأمانة
– The linguistic and technical definition of al-Amānah.
– Āyāt that command with fulfilling the trusts.
– Proof that every Messenger was amīn (trustworthy).
– The three types of amānah.
– Caution against those who use the righteousness of others to manipulate and spread corruption.
– Aḥādīth regarding the loss of amānah and the severity of not fulfilling the trusts.
– A principle as it relates to seeking responsibilities, leadership and affairs that put one to trial.
– Four traits that make a person a pure hypocrite.
– A description of the manner in which amānah will be raised from the hearts.
– Ḥudhayfah (رضى الله عنه) on the loss of amānah in his time.
– 5. Forbearance/Patience/Composure – الحلم
– The linguistic and technical definition of al-Ḥilm.
– Definitions of al-Ḥilm by ar-Rāghib al-Aṣfahānī, Ibn Ḥibbān al-Bustī and Ibn Taymiyyah (رحمهم الله).
– ‘Umar b. ‘Abdil-‘Azīz (رحمه الله) on the beautiful attachment of ḥilm to ‘ilm.
– Examples of the ḥilm of the Messenger ﷺ.
– Comparing the ḥilm of the Messenger ﷺ to the altered, abrogated religions that operate upon vengence and hatred.
– How Islām conquers the hearts and minds.
– 6. Justice – العدل
– The linguistic and technical definition of al-‘Adl.
– Allāh’s command to be just.
– Illustrations of different areas in which ‘adl has been commanded.
– Examples of the ‘adl of the Messenger ﷺ.
– 7. Courage/Bravery – الشجاعة
– The linguistic and technical definition of ash-Shujā’ah.
– Ibn al-Qayyim (رحمه الله) on the distinction between strength/power and courage.
– The reason Abū Bakr aṣ-Ṣiddīq (رضى الله عنه) was the bravest of the ummah after the Prophet ﷺ despite others being physically stronger than him.
– The components of bravery.
– Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymīn (رحمه الله) on natural and acquired traits.
– Different types of courage.
– The type of courage we are commanded with.
– Categories of courage.
– Examples of the bravery/courage of the Messenger ﷺ.
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